Fresh water reserves are becoming hardly usable due to extreme urbanization and industrialization. Groundwater reserves are turning saline due to seawater intrusion. Water demand for agriculture is also rising due to increased population. Stricter norms and regulations restrict industries from using freshwater sources for their industrial needs, thereby giving them no other option but to look for alternate water sources. With this whitepaper, Quest Global aims to provide clear insights on the desalination technology trends, market, energy consumption, benefits and challenges of the desalination process.